10/07/2025

Challenges in Batching in Animal Nutrition Plants

Batching is a critical process in the manufacturing of animal nutrition, impacting product consistency, efficiency, cost management, and overall quality. A proper batching 'system' (or process) ensures that raw materials are combined in the correct proportions to produce consistent, high-quality products that meet industry standards and consumer expectations. This relates to collecting and weighing all bulk, major, micro and nano ingredients and mixing them until the mix is ready for the next steps in the process.   In this whitepaper, you will learn: The Critical Role of Batching: Why batching is fundamental to consistent product quality, cost control, and operational efficiency in animal nutrition plants. Key Industry Challenges: Insights into ingredient variability, labor shortages, and manual errors that impact production in feed, pet food, and premix manufacturing.  Automation and Smart Systems: How advanced batching systems, including feeders, weighers, and control software, improve accuracy, flexibility, and traceability. Best Practices for Optimization: Actionable strategies for reducing downtime, improving mixing efficiency, and maintaining compliance with regulatory standards. Cost of Poor Batching: A breakdown of the hidden costs - from waste and recalls to brand damage - and how proper systems mitigate these risks.   Click here to download it   Source: KSE Group

10/09/2024

Innovating together: A new development for the premix pet food industry

The customer's choice of the CS-WP solution   An American-based customer of KSE, operating in the premix industry, selected the CS-WP solution due to an urgent need to optimize space utilization in their production facility. This innovative solution enabled them to save significant vertical space, with reductions of 4 to 5 meters compared to a conventional weighing system. Additionally, the CS-WP system offers direct separation of contaminants for all raw materials, ensuring the entire facility remains free from contamination.   Another customer in Spain, a leading manufacturer in the food additive industry, has also expressed interest in the CS-WP solution because of their stringent contamination control requirements. The CS-WP system allows macro ingredients to be safely transported in dedicated containers, ensuring clean and flexible distribution to three separate mixing lines.   Exploration of market-based alternatives   The customer explored two alternative solutions. Initially, a traditional pneumatic conveying system was considered but dismissed due to hygiene issues and excessive energy consumption. The second option involved a container concept relying on AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicle). Ultimately, KSE's CS-WP concept emerged as the most fitting and seamlessly integrable solution, enabling the maintenance of the desired compact building height.   Future expansion and developments   The client positions the CS-WP project as the ''Next Generation Plant'', hinting at the possibility of establishing future plants based on the same concept. This marks the inaugural joint project for the Spanish customer and KSE, with aspirations to extend this concept to other facilities, thereby assuming a pioneering role in the Spanish food additive industry.   A breakthrough solution   The CS-WP emerged as a groundbreaking weighing solution within the ACT (Automatic Container Transfer) framework, renowned for its internal transport capabilities. Manufacturers are seeking space-saving solutions in their plants while aiming to achieve minimal contamination by dispensing products directly into containers. Tailored to accommodate a wide dosing range, this solution stands out for its versatility.   Intensive development process   The concept promptly resonated with our customers' needs and industry demands, particularly in sectors like premix and pet food. The development process of the CS-WP entailed tackling several design challenges, such as achieving optimal balance in the setup. With dimensions of approximately 1.5 meters x 1.5 meters and a height of 5 to 6 meters, this resulted in a column four times as tall as it is wide. This configuration posed potential tipping hazards, especially when the system was in motion while carrying weight at the top. To prevent this, rollover safeguards were implemented, and extensive testing was performed.   Another crucial aspect involved a meticulous examination of the system's extraction process. Customers typically invest in an ACT system to maintain a pristine working environment with minimal contamination. However, if dust escapes through open joints during each movement, this objective is compromised. Moreover, the extraction process must not interfere with the weighing signal during the dosing process, ensuring that accuracy is not compromised.   Following extensive consultation and collaboration with suppliers, multiple concepts were devised and executed by the mechanical, electrical, and software teams. Presently, two variants are available: one where dust from the filters returns with the product, minimizing contamination but ensuring all product accompanies it through processing, and another where dust extraction directs waste to a remote unloading point, eliminating contamination but resulting in waste. The selection between these variants depends on the customer's specific needs and requirements.   The operational phase   During the implementation phase of industrial solutions, addressing technical challenges is only part of the equation; understanding real-world usage is equally vital. Hence, KSE engages its service department from the beginning of a project to ensure that aspects, such as cleaning positions, accessibility, and installation safety are meticulously accounted for. This approach establishes a robust groundwork for a successful project, enhancing both efficiency and safety.   By: KSE Process Technology   Source: All Pet Food Magazine

29/08/2024

Great News: Josera Integrates KSE’s Cutting-Edge ALFRA Technology

We are pleased to share the installation of several advanced ALFRA machines at the Josera petfood factory, a member of the ERBACHER the food family group. In addition to our renowned ALFRA dosing and weighing systems and a movable bulk mixer for finished products, the scope includes our Automatic Contrainer Transfer (ACT) system.   Our ACT systems fit perfectly with Josera's commitment to innovation, quality and sustainability. They further streamline their internal transfer processes, increase efficiency and precision in their operations, and maintain contamination-free processes. To ensure seamless integration and optimum performance, in addition to supervision, commissioning, training is provided by one of our own Bartosz Piechota who is on site on a regular basis.   This project is being carried out with industry partners H. Wolking Mühlen- und Maschinenbau GmbH & Co. KG and Intermont construction to achieve the desired plant for Josera. Together, we're driving innovation, quality and sustainability in the animal nutrition and pet food industries, and our shared commitment to common values ensures precision, efficiency and environmentally friendly practices.   We are excited about the future and the opportunities that this new plant will bring Josera. The successful integration of KSE Group's advanced machinery is a testament to the strength of our partnership and our shared dedication to excellence. As construction continues, we look forward to providing further updates and sharing our progress with you.   Follow us HERE, for more detailed information about the individual machines and solutions implemented in this project and how they might benefit you.
 
Source: KSE Process Technology

20/03/2026

Already Looking Ahead: Zoomark Gears up for 2027

As the global pet industry continues to evolve, Zoomark is already preparing its next major edition. The trade show, which has become one of the leading meeting points for the international pet food and pet care market, will return to BolognaFiere from Tuesday 11 to Thursday 13 May 2027, once again bringing together the global pet industry and distribution sector, from manufacturers to distributors, buyers and professionals from the whole supply chain.

The journey toward the 22nd edition will be stopping next May at Interzoo 2026, where Zoomark will exhibit at Stand 124 –Hall 1 and the organisers will unveil the very first details of the upcoming show.
A new edition building on success
Following the strong results of the previous edition, Zoomark 2027 will retain all formats and initiatives that proved particularly successful, while also introducing new themes and features designed to further strengthen the event's role as a global business platform for the pet industry, with a continued focus on pet wellbeing at every stage of their lives.

'Over the years, Zoomark has evolved far beyond the traditional concept of a trade fair, becoming a hub where innovation, market insights and international networking converge' explains Pascale Sonvico, Show Office and Sales Manager of Zoomark. 'The upcoming edition aims to continue this trajectory, combining continuity with fresh ideas and initiatives designed to create new opportunities for both exhibitors and visitors.

Our strategy is strongly driven by the analysis of the key trends shaping the pet market, with the aim of anticipating industry developments and opening new avenues for growth for professionals across the sector.
Zoomark Days: keeping the industry connected
While the 22nd exhibition is still more than a year away, Zoomark is ensuring that the industry conversation continues also throughout 2026 thanks to a new initiative: Zoomark Days.

This programme of meetings and professional events has been designed to maintain an active dialogue with the sector during the year leading up to the show. Through a structured calendar of conferences, workshops and networking opportunities, Zoomark Days will provide professionals with insights into the most relevant trends shaping the pet market.

The programme will feature two complementary tracks: Industry Insights, full-day conferences dedicated to manufacturers, brands and industry professionals, and Retail Labs, full-day seminars focusing on specialised retailers and operators working directly in the marketplace.

The first Industry Insights event will take place in Milan on 15 April 2026, in collaboration with Ecommerce School, and will explore one of the most critical topics for the sector's future: e-commerce and omnichannel strategies in the pet market. As consumer behaviour evolves and the integration between physical and digital retail becomes increasingly important, companies are being challenged to rethink their distribution models and customer engagement strategies.

Alongside these industry-focused events, Retail Labs will bring Zoomark directly to professionals across Italy through a roadshow dedicated to pet shops, groomers, garden centres and retail operators. The first stops are planned in Milan in July and Rome in September 2026, followed by additional events in Southern Italy later in the year.
Expanding the international reach
Another key pillar of Zoomark's growth strategy is its increasingly global outlook. Over the past years, the event has expanded its international presence through partnerships and collaborations with major organisations and trade fairs worldwide.

One of the most significant developments in this international expansion is the recent launch of PetBridge powered by Zoomark, a new B2B exhibition created to connect India's rapidly growing pet care market with the global industry.

The first edition will take place in Mumbai on 25–26 November 2026 at the Bombay Exhibition Center, bringing together international expertise and local market insight in a single professional platform. Developed in collaboration with Inspira Bridge Events, the event reflects Zoomark's ambition to support companies exploring new opportunities in one of the world's fastest-growing pet markets.

India's pet economy, valued at around USD 3.6 billion in 2024 and expected to exceed USD 7 billion by 2030, is undergoing a transformation driven by premiumisation, innovation and a rapidly expanding community of pet owners. In this context, PetBridge aims to act as a gateway between the country's dynamic domestic ecosystem and the international pet industry.
Looking toward the future
With preparations for Zoomark 2027 already underway, the event continues to position itself as a key platform where companies can connect, discover innovation, and anticipate future market trends.

Through year-round initiatives, expanding international partnerships and new global projects such as PetBridge, Zoomark is reinforcing its ambition to create a true international ecosystem for the pet industry.

www.zoomark.it - https://eu1.hubs.ly/H0sqhQF0  Source: Zoomark 

16/03/2026

PETZOO Eurasia: The Gateway to the Global Pet Industry Returns to Istanbul

Now in its 12th edition (set for October 7-10, 2026), PETZOO Eurasia will host hundreds of exhibitors and thousands of professional visitors from over 100 countries. The exhibition covers a vast range of sectors including nutrition, health, grooming, technology, and accessories for cats, dogs, birds, fish, and land animals.

Why PETZOO Eurasia Matters: Strategic Hub: Located in Istanbul, the fair connects 5 continents, offering unparalleled access to European, Middle Eastern, and Asian markets.
  Innovation Showcase: From AI-driven pet tech to sustainable nutrition and premium fashion, the latest global trends will be on display.
  B2B Networking: A dedicated Hosted Buyer Program and specialized B2B areas facilitate direct trade between manufacturers and global distributors.
  Educational Events: The fair features seminars led by industry experts, international pet shows, and professional grooming competitions.
"PETZOO Eurasia has become more than just a trade fair; it is a global brand that represents the strength of the Turkish and Eurasian pet sectors," says the organizing committee. "Our goal is to foster new commercial partnerships and provide a platform where the latest innovations in animal welfare and pet care can reach a worldwide audience."

The event is supported by key industry organizations, including KOSGEB and UFYD, ensuring a professional atmosphere that meets international standards.

Event Details: Dates: October 7–10, 2026 (Annual Event) Venue: Istanbul Expo Center (IFM), Halls 1-3 Visiting Hours: 10:00 AM – 7:00 PM Exhibitor Profile: Manufacturers, wholesalers, importers, and exporters of pet food, veterinary equipment, accessories, and grooming supplies. For more information, to book a stand, or to register for a visitor invitation, please visit https://petfuari.com/en/. Source: PETZOO Eurasia

About PETZOO Eurasia
Since its inception in 2012, PETZOO has grown into the most prestigious pet industry event in Turkey. With a focus on international expansion and sector development, it brings together professionals, hobbyists, and pet lovers under one roof to celebrate and advance the pet world.
 

06/03/2026

Agreement Between the European Union and Mercosur Could Influence the Pet Food Market

The trade agreement signed between the European Union and the Mercosur countries — Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay — could have significant repercussions for the pet food supply chain, even without including specific provisions aimed at the sector. 
  The explanation lies in the scope of trade regulations concerning agricultural products and ingredients of animal origin, which are widely used in the production of feed and complete foods for dogs and cats.
While Mercosur stands out as a major exporter of agricultural raw materials, the European Union brings together both significant manufacturers and a strategic consumer market for higher value-added products. 
  The proposed agreement aims to reduce tariffs and expand market access between the two blocs, which could benefit different stages of the production chain.   What does the agreement between the European Union and Mercosur entail?
After about 20 years of negotiations, representatives from both blocs reached a political agreement in December 2024. 
  In September 2025, the European Commission approved two parallel legal instruments: the European Union–Mercosur Partnership Agreement and an Interim Trade Agreement.
  Both agreements were signed in January of this year and are now proceeding to internal ratification and timeline definition stages, which will determine when and how the planned measures will come into effect in practice.   Customs Classification Defines the Impact on the Pet Sector
Even without directly mentioning pet food, the agreement could affect the sector through the classification rules used in international trade. 
  Tariff agreements are usually organized based on the Harmonized System (HS), which groups goods by technical codes.
  In the case of complete dog and cat foods intended for retail sale, the classification used is HS code 2309.10, corresponding to dog or cat food prepared for direct sale to the consumer. 
  If the tariff lists of the agreement include this code, pet food products will automatically be covered.   Ingredients and Raw Materials Also Come Into Play
The same principle applies to ingredients used in the manufacture of pet food, which fall under other codes related to animal feed and agricultural production. 
  Thus, the agreement can influence both the export of finished products and the supply and cost of raw materials.
  In practice, the effects vary depending on how each tariff line is treated, the implementation deadlines, and factors such as logistics, exchange rate fluctuations, and regulatory requirements.   Sanitary Requirements Remain Mandatory for Trade with the European Union
Despite the potential reduction in tariffs, the agreement does not alter the sanitary standards of the European Union.
  Pet food products are still required to fully comply with requirements related to animal health, product safety, and traceability.
  What can happen is the standardization or recognition of certain procedures, making the commercial process more predictable, without relaxing the control criteria.   Impacts Depend on the Implementation of the Agreement
For the pet food industry, the concrete impacts of the agreement between the European Union and Mercosur depend on the final definitions regarding tariffs, the timetable for its entry into force, and the ability of companies to meet regulatory requirements.
  Even without specific rules for the pet sector, the agreement shows how trade policies can indirectly influence the market through regulations applicable to agricultural trade as a whole.   FAQ about the European Union–Mercosur Agreement and pet food
Does the agreement directly mention food for dogs and cats?
No. The impact occurs indirectly, through customs classification rules.
  Could Brazilian pet food products benefit from this?
Yes, depending on the tariff reduction applied to codes that include pet food.
  Do European health requirements change with the agreement?
No. Safety, animal health, and traceability regulations remain mandatory. Source: Cães & Gatos

19/03/2026

Dana Technology: Flexibility and Efficiency for the Pet Food Market

Dana Technology, renowned for innovative processing systems, develops solutions to address these demands. Its approach not only expands installed capacity but also designs versatile production lines adaptable to different formats using the same equipment, optimizing resources and ensuring high profitability.
The Main Challenges for Modern Plants
The production of different types of food traditionally requires independent production lines: one dedicated to wet food and another to snacks and semi-wet products. Although this model is traditional, it presents evident limitations: it occupies significant space, increases operational costs, and requires more personnel. In most cases, a high-capacity line operates below its potential, resulting in inefficiencies that affect profitability.

Based on the premise 'instead of getting more equipment, integrate the processes,' Dana offers technology that allows the same line to operate interchangeably with wet chunks or semi-wet products, adjusting time and steam baking levels as required. As a result, manufacturers can respond to different demands without costly plant expansions.

One of the most significant advancements introduced by this approach is the replacement of batch processing, which is characterized by manual conveying and lower efficiency in continuous flow operations. Products move from composition to baking and, depending on the objective, to drying or packaging. This structure not only accelerates production time but also enhances consistency and reduces management risks.
FlexLine™, the Flagship System
The Wet-Semi Moist FlexLine™ stands out among Dana's solutions. It is designed to alternate between wet and semi-wet products within the same equipment. The system incorporates a steam tunnel that ensures precise thermal processing and controlled drying through temperature zones and airflow regulation. This flexibility eliminates the need for double lines, optimizing investment and plant space.

Semi-wet food does not require autoclaved sterilization as wet products do, representing significant operational savings for manufacturers.

Combining two processes in a single line represents more than reduced investment costs: it streamlines management, improves human resource allocation, and ensures a better response to consumers who demand variety, quality, and transparency.
Conclusion: Toward a Smarter Pet Food Future
The future of pet food processing lies not in having more equipment but in creating smarter solutions adaptable to each company's needs. With developments such as FlexLine™, Dana Technology reaffirms its commitment to innovation and provides manufacturers with tools that combine flexibility, efficiency, and quality within the same system.

Know more about Dana's solutions at https://dana-technology.dk/ By DANA Technology
Source: All Pet Food

17/03/2026

Dog and Cat Food Processing: Our Daily Challenge

Pet foods are currently classified into three categories: complete, complementary, and specific, whether dry or wet. Within each category, companies develop sub-segments to meet the needs of different animal profiles, such as senior pets, athletic animals, and obese pets, among others. The search for alternative diets, functional ingredients, and more sustainable solutions has shown steady growth. This movement has driven intensive research to ensure that products deliver not only adequate nutrition but also additional health benefits, improved quality of life, and a reduced environmental footprint.
  To achieve all of this, the industry no longer relies solely on robust equipment or generic formulations for dogs and cats. More than ever, manufacturers must be connected in real time to every stage of the process, with each department involved in the production of pet food. Machines, sensors, software, and people, therefore, need to operate in an integrated manner so that production continuously adapts to the process and improves over time. By combining automation, data, and technical expertise, an automated plant transforms production into a dynamic, intelligent system capable of continuous evolution.
Daily Manufactured Innovation   The achieved precision at each stage of the process—extrusion, drying, and coating— is a practical example of how this approach is carried out. An automated system enables:
  Precise, automated dosing of micro-ingredients, especially in complementary foods that require a high level of accuracy. Automated control and inclusion of fresh meat, meals, and oils. High-tech laboratories that analyze all raw materials upon reception. Aligned NIR systems with just-in-time results, enabling immediate adjustments when required. Minimization of variations that affect digestibility and palatability. Fully digital traceability, from raw material intake to finished product. Automation of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) helps identify bottlenecks and opportunities for improvement.
  In extrusion, one of the most critical steps in kibble manufacturing, the process is significantly optimized through automation:
  Temperature and pressure control in each extruder zone. Screw speed control. Steam and water addition as required. Greater baking consistency, which improves digestibility, texture, and kibble durability. More homogeneous kibble density and expansion, with improved starch gelatinization and reduced waste. Automatic recording of process parameters, ensuring traceability and batch-to-batch standardization.
  The drying stage is crucial for removing moisture and controlling water activity, both of which directly contribute to microbiological safety. Moisture also affects palatability: dogs tend to prefer slightly higher-moisture foods, while cats generally accept drier products. For this reason, the integration of sensors and intelligent software in dryers is critical to prevent under- or overprocessing and to ensure that each batch reaches the exact target moisture content. This level of precision ensures stability, safety, and palatability aligned with the specific requirements of each species.
  Another key step is coating, a particularly delicate stage in the manufacturing of dry pet food. Today, the market offers more advanced coating systems, such as vacuum batch processing equipment, which allows highly precise ingredient application. This level of control directly impacts palatability, oxidative stability, and final product acceptance, ensuring superior sensory performance and overall food quality.
  Automation enables much more robust and accessible traceability. With integrated systems, each batch can be tracked from raw material to finished product, ensuring:
  Rapid identification of non-conformities. More efficient responses in case of product recalls. Greater transparency for consumers. Complete, auditable history of every stage of the process.
  This traceability is especially critical in the production of complementary and therapeutic foods, where any nutritional deviations may compromise product efficacy. Through digitalized controls, the industry ensures precision, consistency, and total batch safety for pet consumption.   The Importance of Labeling   Labelling is another equally essential step to ensuring that all mandatory information is present and accurate, in compliance with the legislation of each country.
  At this stage, it is crucial to involve representatives from all areas of the production chain—including Regulatory Affairs, Quality Control, Research and Development, Packaging, and Marketing. This integration ensures that labeling and packaging are developed safely and efficiently, without rework, while remaining compatible with filling lines and attractive to the end consumer. Technology also plays an increasingly important role in this process. Many companies now utilize specialized software that automatically checks label descriptions against each version. It compares information, detects inconsistencies, and significantly reduces the risk of human error. With automation, greater document security, faster review processes, and higher reliability in final label approval are obtained.
  Another topic gaining increasing relevance in the pet food industry—and one that directly impacts the entire production chain—is sustainability. Far from being just a trend, sustainability has become a strategic pillar guiding decisions from raw material selection to packaging development and industrial process design. Implementing sustainability in the pet food industry is a complex challenge, as it requires balancing production efficiency, costs, and regulatory requirements while also meeting consumer expectations that are increasingly influenced by environmental awareness. The supply chain is complex: it depends on both animal- and plant-based ingredients, requires large volumes of water and energy, and relies on high-barrier packaging that is often difficult to recycle.
  Nevertheless, the sector has made consistent progress. An increasing number of companies are incorporating innovative raw materials, so-called super proteins, including insect meals, which offer a reduced environmental footprint and excellent nutritional value. At the same time, there is a growing internal movement to reduce water and energy consumption, reuse resources, monitor and mitigate CO₂ emissions, and develop 100% recyclable mono-material packaging, facilitating reintegration into the production cycle and reducing environmental impact.
  An even more strategic step is the adoption of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), a tool that quantifies the environmental impact of a product from the origin of its ingredients to its destination. Companies that already apply LCA stand out for making data-based decisions, identifying critical points, and directing their efforts more effectively—whether in raw material selection, process efficiency, or packaging sustainability. LCA is considered one of the key trends shaping the future of the industry and a competitive advantage for organizations genuinely committed to reducing environmental impact across all stages of the value chain.
  By combining innovation, responsibility, and a long-term vision, the pet food industry demonstrates that sustainability is not merely rhetoric, but an irreversible path and a tangible opportunity to create better products, more efficient processes, and a more balanced future for the planet and coming generations. This underscores that the challenge of producing pet food goes far beyond formulation or ingredient selection; it involves a complex chain that depends on technology, integration, rigorous control, and continuous innovation.
  By Josiane Volpato and Juliana Soares Brazorotto
Source: All Pet Food Magazine

By Josiane Volpato

12/03/2026

Crowded Labels, Compromised Doses: A Look at Pet Supplement Design

As these products become more common in veterinary conversations, retail aisles, and pet households, a reasonable question is bound to arise: How can so many active ingredients realistically fit into one small supplement chew and still work? Thanks to real-world limits of formulation and dosing, the answer might make you think twice the next time you're supplement shopping. 
  A soft supplement chew may look simple, but it is actually a carefully engineered product with finite space. Before any active ingredients are added, the chew must already contain a base matrix: ingredients that provide structure, moisture control, palatability, shelf stability, and manufacturability. These typically include proteins or starches, fats, binders, humectants, natural flavors, and processing aids. These components are what makethe chew hold together, stay fresh on the shelf, and appeal to pets' tastes. However, these ingredients typically takes up 60% to 75% of the chew. Only after this base is built does a formulator have room to add active ingredients, and that remaining space (25% to 40%) is often much smaller than most labels imply. 
  This is where the distinction between the number of ingredients and how those ingredients are dosed becomes critical. Many supplement labels highlight all the many functional ingredients that are included, but they don't always communicate how much of each ingredient is present in a way that's meaningful to pet owners.  
  From a nutritional and physiological standpoint, dose matters far more than the length of an ingredient list. For an active ingredient to have a meaningful effect, it must be included at a biologically relevant level, physically fit into the chew, remain stable over the product's shelf life, and avoid interfering with the absorption or function of other ingredients. When a product attempts to include too many actives in a small chew, something almost always has to give, and that compromise shows up in dosing. 
  This is how supplements can end up looking impressive on the label while delivering active ingredients in amounts that may be too low to produce the desired benefit. The ingredients are technically present, but they could be included at symbolic levels instead of functional ones. This isn't always intentional or deceptive as one might think at first glance. It is often the result of trying to satisfy market demand for 'everything in one chew' or being competitive with other products in the market while working within the physical limits of the product form itself. 
  There is a natural assumption that more ingredients automatically means more support. In reality, the most effective supplements are usually built around transparency and restraint. They focus on a specific physiological goal, rely on a small number of well-studied active ingredients, and include those ingredients at levels supported by evidence rather than trends or buzzwords. Trying to support joints, digestion, skin, mood, immunity, and cognition all at once often leads to compromise rather than synergy. A supplement designed to do one job well will almost always outperform a crowded product that attempts to do everything at once.  
  Now, don't get me wrong—there are some formulations that can successfully include multiple active ingredients when they are designed thoughtfully. This typically involves choosing ingredients that are effective at relatively low inclusion rates and combining actives with complementary mechanisms, rather than overlapping. In some cases, it also means designing the chew size and feeding directions to support appropriate dosing, such as allowing multiple chews per day for larger dogs. This is why two supplements with similar-looking ingredient lists can perform very differently in real-world use. It's not the label that is different; it's the philosophy behind the formulation. 
  For veterinarians, retailers, and pet parents alike, this shifts the conversation in a meaningful way. Instead of focusing on all the amazing ingredients a supplement contains, more useful questions might include what the product's primary goal is, whether the key ingredients are included at meaningful doses, and whether the chew size and feeding directions support those doses. Supplements are most effective when they complement a complete-and-balanced diet and appropriate medical care, not when they attempt to replace them. 
  A small supplement chew can absolutely deliver meaningful health support, but only when the formulation respects biology, physics, and evidence. In the pet supplement space, restraint is often a sign of expertise. Fewer ingredients, thoughtfully chosen and properly dosed, always outperform a long list squeezed into too little space with ineffective dosing.  
  For brands, retailers, and pet parents who want to move beyond crowded labels and toward supplements that actually work, formulation philosophy matters. Working with BSM Partners and choosing BSM-formulated or BSM-veterinary-formulated supplements means navigating these real-world constraints with intention, prioritizing evidence-based dosing, functional synergy, and product forms that support meaningful inclusion levels. When every gram counts, expert formulation is what ensures that what you want in a supplement is also what pets can truly benefit from.  Source: BSM Partners

11/07/2023

Nutritional needs of cats and dogs

Pet food can be complete or complementary. Complete pet food is nutritionally complete: providing all the nutrients in the amounts and proportions your pet needs. Complementary pet food (e.g. treats) is designed to be only a part of the diet and it won't meet the nutritional requirements when fed alone. Pet food manufacturers have developed the nutritional expertise to ensure pet food contains the right ingredients in the right amounts to supply the needed nutrients. They often work together with independent nutrition scientists or follow guidelines which have been developed by a group of scientists working together. The broadening knowledge of pet nutrition and food technology has transformed the pet food industry remarkably over the years. It is now widely recognised by the veterinary profession and other stakeholders that improved nutrition is an important factor which helps pets to live longer, healthier lives. Besides water there are 5 key nutrients: Proteins Carbohydrates Fats Vitamins Minerals
The first 3 provide the energy your pet needs for e.g. growth, digestion, temperature regulation and of course activity. Proteins Proteins are made up of amino acids. There are hundreds of different amino acids, but a number of these are required for dogs and cats. Pets can produce some amino acids themselves; those are the so-called non-essential amino acids which do not need to be present in the diet. Others are essential and need to be part of the pet food: for dogs there are 10 essential amino acids, for cats there are 11. Proteins are the building blocks of organs, muscles, bones, blood, immune system and hair and nails. Proteins in pet food can come from various different ingredients, both from animal and vegetable origin like poultry, beef, pork, fish, eggs, corn, rice, peas or soybeans. It's important that the pet eats the right amount of proteins and that the protein can be easily digested and absorbed, which is influenced by the source of the protein and the processing of the food. In prepared pet food, manufacturers generally select a variety of ingredients to provide the required amount and type of proteins/amino acids. Excess proteins which are consumed by the pet are not stored in the body and also not used to make even more muscle tissue. Feeding extra protein in excess of the amount that your pet requires provides no health benefit to your pet. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are used by the body to provide immediate energy for activities and are stored in the liver and muscle as glycogen. Energy use is needed for various body functions like metabolism and the function of the brain and nervous system. There exists no minimum level of carbohydrates which needs to be in pet food, but carbohydrates provide a concentrated source of dietary energy and dietary fibre. There are two types: digestible carbohydrates (starches and sugars) which provide energy and indigestible carbohydrates (fibre) which are important for stool quality and gut motility. Fibres can help in weight management because they are low in calories and help provide the feeling of satiety. The ingredients providing carbohydrates are mainly plant ingredients like corn, barley, peas, rice, wheat and potatoes. Dietary fibre sources include for instance dried beet pulp, wheat bran or soybean hulls. Many sources of carbohydrates also provide other nutrients like protein, fat or vitamins. Because of the manufacturing process of grinding and cooking the carbohydrates become easily digestible. A genetic change in the ancestors of our modern dogs (compared with wolves) allowing them to thrive on a diet rich in starch was a crucial step in their early domestication. Also cats can utilise glucose from digesting starch in their diet. A key exception is the pet's ability to digest lactose (milk sugar) because they have lower levels of the enzyme lactase required to split the lactose into individual sugars. Dietary fat Fats in pet food are a source of essential fatty acids which are needed to make certain hormones and maintain the cell membranes. Certain vitamins (A, D, E and K) can only be absorbed, stored and transported by fat. Dietary fats improve palatability and add texture for greater enjoyment of the food. And of course, fats are a great source of energy because they provide about 2 ½ times the level of energy that proteins or carbohydrates can provide. So especially for active animals fats are important, while at the same time we need to be careful with the fat intake for many indoor pets where controlling fat intake helps them not become overweight or obese. Fats in pet food come from animal and vegetable sources. Two key fatty acid families are the omega-3 and omega-6 (or n-3 and n-6) families. Omega-3 fatty acids are needed for cell membranes and reduces inflammation. Good sources of omega-3 fatty acids are fish, shellfish and flaxseed. Omega-6 fatty acids are important to aid in the process of repairing tissue and are found in vegetable oils. Minerals & Vitamins The major or macro minerals needed in the body are calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride and magnesium. The amounts needed of the trace elements are much smaller and these include for instance iron, copper and selenium. Vitamins are nutrients needed in very small amounts, but they enable many functions in the body. Dogs and cats cannot make all the vitamins they need; so these must be supplied by the food. Minerals and vitamins are partly provided by the ingredients which deliver the major nutrients of protein, carbohydrates and fat and the other minerals and vitamins are added to the recipe. by FEDIAF 

09/06/2023

How important is choline for cats

Choline is a vitamin-like component that plays an important role in liver health and nerve transmission, and thereby also cognitive function and muscle function in cats. As said above, cats produce some choline naturally, but due to its importance, pet food brands are advised to add this nutrient into the food. Krill – a natural source of phosphatidylcholine Choline is available in various forms, choline chloride, lecithin, or choline bitartrate. The commonly used one is choline chloride which is 12 times less bioavailable than the choline found in krill (phosphatidylcholine) Krill meal is made from Antarctic krill (Euphausia Superba), which is a crustacean related to shrimp. The choline found in krill is all-natural and in form of phosphatidylcholine. Krill is also rich in phospholipid omega-3s, marine proteins, and astaxanthin. herefore, one of the ways to increase choline intake in cats is to include in their diet a pet food with krill meal, which provides choline. Choline - an essential nutrient for cats In 2018, a survey of the Association for Pet Obesity Prevention estimated that 60% of cats and 56% of dogs in the United States were overweight or obese. This has serious health consequences for pets, including fat accumulation in the liver. A balanced, healthy diet for cats accompanied by regular physical activity is essential for overall health. In addition, nutritional supplements may help to reduce the risk of weight-related issues or optimize nutrition for cats. One way to do that is to provide cats with pet food with krill meal containing choline in the form of phosphatidylcholine. Phosphatidylcholine is one of the most fundamental molecules that make up the living cell. Being an essential component of the cell membrane, it is also the most abundant in a class of phospholipids known as 'essential phospholipids', as it forms the structural barrier that surrounds the cell. Choline and its metabolites have multiple physiological roles in the body which are important for the building of cell membranes, liver fat transport to prevent fatty liver, nerve impulse transmission in brain and muscles, and provision of methyl groups that maintain liver, heart, and kidney health.  What is choline essential for? 1. Building of cell membranes Phosphatidylcholine is an integral part of almost every cell in the animal body, being a major constituent of cell membranes. It's also important for normal cellular membrane composition and repair. Its role in cell membrane integrity is vital to all basic biological processes such as the information flow within cells from DNA to RNA to proteins. 2. Liver fat transport to prevent fatty liver Choline improves and maintains a healthy liver function and can aid in the proper metabolism of fat. In other words, choline is very important for the proper functioning and regulation of the liver and gallbladder. This vitamin-like substance aids in hormone production and minimizes fat accumulation in the liver by regulating fat and cholesterol metabolism. 3. Nerve impulse transmission in the brain and muscles Choline is needed for the proper transmission of nerve impulses and is a constituent of acetylcholine, the major neurotransmitter. This is essential in supporting brain development, the learning process, the nerve transmitters and affects the overall mental well-being of pets. 4. Providing methyl groups that maintain liver, heart, and kidney health Being a structural element of cell membranes (as phosphatidylcholine), choline supports lipid transport and acts as a source of methyl groups (after it is transformed into betaine) for various chemical reactions in the body. By controlling protein function and gene expression, choline is important for the proper function of the heart and blood vessels, nerve system, liver and reproduction. Therefore, we can say that choline in the form of phosphatidylcholine is an essential nutrient that cats require for a healthy and happy life. It supports muscle function, cognitive function and memory, it helps maintain normal cholesterol values, and protecting the liver from toxicity (without phosphatidylcholine, fat and cholesterol accumulate in the liver due to reduced low-density lipoprotein levels). Moreover, choline can prevent the appearance of the fatty liver syndrome and also support normal liver function. It can reduce insulin requirements in cats with diabetes, and diminishes seizure frequency, being important in the treatment of epilepsy. By Qrill Pet   

09/05/2023

DSM Establishes Tonganoxie, Kansas, Pet Food Premix Plant

The new facility, located in the KC Animal Health Corridor, will supply the pet food industry with high-quality nutritional premixes for use in branded pet food products worldwide. The investment will include precision micro-batching capabilities, allowing for precise automated micro-addition of numerous ingredients to premixes in a fully traceable manner. Operations are scheduled for early 2025. 'The pet food industry has been looking for a better source for the highest quality, traceable and reliable nutritional ingredients for their products and we are thrilled to be able to deliver for the industry and for 'pet parents' with this new facility in Tonganoxie,' said DSM Co-CEO, Dimitri de Vreeze. 'We appreciate the support of Governor Laura Kelly, the Kansas Department of Commerce, the Leavenworth County Development Corporation, the City of Tonganoxie, Evergy and the Animal Health Corridor in making this state-of-the-art facility a reality.' DSM, part of DSM-Firmenich, is a global, purpose-led leader in health and nutrition, applying bioscience to improve the health of people, animals, and the planet. 'DSM is a welcome addition to Kansas and the Animal Health Corridor,' noted Kansas Governor Laura Kelly. 'Having another industry leader locate here further enhances the globally recognized animal health ecosystem that is anchored in Kansas.' 'With the highest concentration of animal health assets in the world, the Kansas City region is home to a robust industry network, as well as abundant manufacturing and distribution resources,' added Kimberly Young, president of the KC Animal Health Corridor. 'The region continues to attract top companies in the industry, and we're proud that DSM has selected the corridor for this state-of-the-art, innovative new facility.' by DSM
 

30/09/2025

Precision Innovation in Pet Food

Innovation in pet food is an evolving topic driven by trends, including pet humanization, sustainability, and the pursuit of improved nutrition. Innovations in pet food production and processing aim to enhance specific nutrition, functional health, and digestive performance by using the right amount of bioactive compounds and nutrients. We will address this issue from the perspective of ingredient innovation.
  Protein is one of the most important compounds for pet parents when purchasing pet food. Innovation is not the exception to this nutrient in the formulation process. Animal proteins (chicken, lamb, fish, etc.) are the most commonly used, but there are some alternatives. Moreover, others are in the initial implementation phase or used only in a few segments: 
  Insect proteins: Cricket flour, black soldier fly larvae, etc. are highly digestible, sustainable sources, rich in proteins and with less environmental impact.
  Vegetable proteins: Different from traditional sources, such as soybean paste. Nowadays, it is not surprising to see lentils, chickpeas, peas, and/or quinoa, among others.
  Cell culture: Cultured meat for super-premium food is being studied.
  Emerging functional ingredients are another important aspect of innovation in nutrients. They are not only nutritious but also beneficial for health. Sometimes, they result in superfoods that are detailed below:
  Spirulina, chia seeds, and blueberries were widely used in the pet food industry due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.  
  Prebiotics, such as FOS (fructooligosaccharides), MOS (mannan oligosaccharide), XOS (xylooligosaccharides), and beta-glucans are known as gastrointestinal microbiome enhancers that improve the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria. 
  Probiotics are microorganisms that help the digestive system and the gut microbiome. Innovation in pet food is associated with probiotic capsules or spore-forming probiotics (e.g., Bacillus coagulans, Enterococcus faecium) which support extrusion thermal processing. 
  Postbiotics are by-product metabolites from beneficial bacteria that promote gut and immune health. They also reduce inflammation without needing living organisms.
  Enzymes, such as amylase, protease, and lipase are added to enhance nutrient digestibility, especially in diets with alternative ingredients. However, you should be careful since enzymes are thermolabile and need accurate technology to withstand the thermal process, for example, the extrusion. 
  Organic minerals are more bioavailable than traditional sources (sulfate or oxides); they strengthen metabolism, bone health, dermal health, and the immune system. In this segment, there are different organic sources, depending on the metal-binding element. Beginning with the most advanced technology, these can be bisqueled with HMTBa [(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid]; followed by chelates, essential and non-essential amino acids, complex polysaccharides, or complex propionic acids (according to the AAFCO's classification).
  Vitamins are essential nutrients for pets' health and well-being. Food and vitamin capsules are typically combined in the pet food industry because they protect from heat and oxidation during the extrusion or cooling processes, improving the final product's stability.
  Phytonutrients and/or botanical extracts, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and essential oils (e.g., rosemary, turmeric, and oregano) are an alternative due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and natural preservative properties. 
  Specific fatty acids can be a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids or omegas. The controlled incorporation of EPA/DHA (omega-3) microalgae as a more sustainable ingredient than fish oil is not surprising. Medium-chain fatty acids are widely used as immediate sources of energy.
  Bioactive peptides are hydrolyzed protein by-products, for example, hydrolyzed collagen with specific functions (immune response modulator, joint health enhancers, cartilage regeneration, and skin elasticity). 
  Functional fermented vegetable foods, such as miso or kefir (adapted for pets), are beneficial as they provide natural digestive enzymes and beneficial microorganisms.
  Adaptogens (e.g., ashwagandha, ginseng, or rhodiola) are natural ingredients that help the body manage stress. Usually, they are used in supplements to reduce anxiety, support the nervous system, and adapt to changes. 
  On the other hand, there is a trend to reduce toxic ingredients in food; in those cases, we must look for innovative alternatives.
  Reduce sodium, sugar, and synthetic additives by replacing artificial colorants with natural pigments (e.g., beta-carotenes, spirulina) or substituting artificial antioxidants with natural products. 
  Referring to precision innovation, we cannot forget about integrating technology, such as apps that recommend diets or provide nutritional follow-up or intelligent vending machines that ration food and compile consumption data. 
  Another innovative area we must follow closely is innovation in formulation and dosing. Microencapsulation technologies are still evolving to enhance the stability of sensitive compounds (vitamins, oils, and probiotics). Some lab tests allow the understanding of certain genetic predispositions and the gut health of our pets. The applied nanotechnology area is being developed, related to the use of nanoparticles that improve the absorption of minerals and antioxidants (even in the experimental or regulatory stage). Finally, data-driven formulation employs AI and nutritional algorithms that adjust the right amount of micro-ingredients according to age, breed, activity or pathologies, sleep, and pet food consumption in real time. 


By MVZ Armando Enriquez de la Fuente Blanquet
Source: All Pet Food Magazine

By Armando Enriquez de la Fuente Blanquet

14/08/2025

From Claim to Credibility: The Case for Research-Backed Pet Food Ingredients

The pet food industry is unique in that of all the 602 standard pet food ingredients used today, 44% of them are upcycled, which means that they are derived from animal and plant sources that would not be used in human food. This makes pet food a great source to utilize ingredients that otherwise would be wasted, and reduces the competition between human food and pet food for ingredients that span both categories.
  This becomes increasingly important as currently 9% of the world's population is considered hungry, according to a recent report by the World Health Organization. Unfortunately, these upcycled ingredients may not be viewed as premium ingredients by consumers who have decided that descriptions such as 'by-product' are not good for their pets. Many times, these decisions are not based on nutritional research but on messaging from pet food companies. Starches, flours, and functional dietary fibers have been described by many pet food brands as 'fillers,' when there actually is no definitive or regulatory definition for that term. In most cases, these ingredients not only provide nutritional value for pets but also deliver functional benefits that make the pet food easier to actually manufacture.   
  New pet food ingredients and categories have become more popular. The pet food protein category has seen many new entries and continues to see new types of proteins entering the market. Examples of these proteins include cultured meat, insect-based, bacteria- and yeast-based cultures, and upcycled food ingredients. All these new and novel pet food proteins collectively have the potential to help decrease the competition of using animal-based proteins in pet food that could be used in the human food supply. Each one has valid reasons for use, including sustainability, low carbon footprint, as well as delivering needed alternative protein sources for pet food in a competitive landscape. 
  Beyond protein, it is well accepted that Omega-3 fatty acids can help deliver benefits such as skin and coat support, joint health, cognitive health, as well as immune benefits to pets. Most of the Omega-3 fatty acids in pet food, such as EPA and DHA, come from fish oil. As with animal protein ingredients, there is higher competition for fish oil products in human goods when compared to pet food and pet supplement use. Microalgae products have become more prevalent in the pet food world, being described as more sustainable alternatives to fish oil and helping to decrease the reliance on fish oil to deliver the health benefits of Omega-3 fatty acids. 
  Another new trend in the past few years is the promotion of postbiotics. These are inactivated microorganisms, such as yeast or bacteria, and their components that are released after probiotics are no longer alive, which have many health benefits, including digestive health, immune support, and even oral health benefits for pets. Another claimed benefit is that they do not require live bacteria like probiotics do, which may make them more user-friendly in pet food manufacturing.
  These are all examples of new pet food ingredients and categories. Many of these novel pet food ingredients have the potential to help deliver functional benefits to our pets, as well as contribute to the sustainability of the pet food industry as a whole. However, when it comes to the business of the pet food industry, there is a lot of competition in the ingredient space. Many of these newer ingredients come at a premium price when compared to their traditional ingredient counterparts. This means that even though pet food brands may want to use them in products because of the benefits and claims they provide, they have to be affordable and must deliver value that the pet food company and consumer understand. 
  A good way to determine the value of an ingredient is by looking at the extent of research that has been done by the ingredient company to substantiate the claims they promote. Pet food ingredient companies should be conducting feeding study research to validate the claims they make. In vitro (laboratory) studies are helpful for screening tests. However, to actually demonstrate ingredient value, the pet food ingredient industry should be conducting feeding studies to show health benefits in pets. Long-term feeding studies using new ingredients and measuring health parameters are sorely needed to gain credibility for ingredient companies. 
  Ingredient companies should be working with experts in nutrition, physiology, and veterinary medicine, such as those at BSM Partners, to design, implement, and interpret clinical research to help substantiate claims and deliver the value that pet food brands and consumers deserve. After all, if ingredient suppliers and pet food brands don't do feeding studies with their products before they hit the market, pet parents' companions become the defacto study subjects and nobody wants that.


By Bradley Ques
Source: BSM Partners

About the Author
Dr. Bradley Quest, DVM, is the Principal Veterinarian at BSM Partners. He has practiced clinical veterinary medicine, developed and tested hundreds of pet food and health products, performs extensive animal health research, and helps navigate pet food ingredient approval for clients.

09/07/2025

Understanding Minimally Processed: What It Really Means for Your Pets Food

Processing simply means altering an ingredient's chemistry, structure, or safety profile. It can be as gentle as hydrating a pulse or fermenting kefir, or as intensive as retort canning. In other words, each processing step exists because it solves a specific problem, such as improving digestibility, extending shelf life, controlling pathogens, enhancing palatability, preserving texture, or maintaining color, often addressing multiple issues simultaneously.  
  The real question is how much processing is happening, why, and what does it mean for nutrition and safety? 
  Regulatory Definitions 
There are currently no regulatory definitions for 'minimally or lightly processed,' 'gently cooked,' or even 'fresh' pet food established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO). The closest AAFCO definition pertains to the 'natural' claim, which allows for common heat or mechanical steps such as rendering, extrusion, purification, and fermentation. Even then, there is no use of the phrase 'minimally processed.'  
  However, the USDA's 'natural' claim states: 'A product containing no artificial ingredient or added color and is only minimally processed. Minimal processing means that the product was processed in a manner that does not fundamentally alter the product.' But there is no numerical cap for 'minimal.' The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, established by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), does not define 'minimally processed' either, and no temperature limits are specified.  
  Photo by Nadtochii   Enter NOVA System—Helpful Lens or Marketing Hammer? 
In 2009, nutrition scientists at the University of São Paula proposed the NOVA classification system. This four-tiered system ranks foods by the extent and purpose of industrial processing. The tiers are as follows: 
  Group 1: Unprocessed/Minimally Processed—Edible parts of plants, animals, fungi, algae, or water used almost as found in nature, or altered only by basic preservation steps (washing, peeling, drying, chilling, freezing, pasteurizing, fermenting, etc.) 
  Group 2: Processed Culinary Ingredients—Substances extracted from Group 1 foods or nature (oils, butter, lard, sugar, honey, salt) via pressing, milling, refining, evaporating, or drying. 
  Group 3: Processed Foods—Group 1 foods modified by adding Group 2 ingredients (salt, oil, sugar) and/or by preservation or non-alcoholic fermentation; usually have 2–3 ingredients and remain recognizable as the original food. 
  Group 4: Ultra-Processed Foods—Industrial formulations made mostly or entirely from refined food fractions (starches, sugars, oils, proteins) plus additives that create colors, flavors, textures, or extend shelf-life; contain little if any intact whole food.  
  The model was never intended to regulate pet food; yet, the term 'ultra-processed' has been eagerly adopted by bloggers and marketers to cast conventional kibble as nutritionally suspect. The trouble is that NOVA's criteria focus on how a product is assembled, rather than whether it meets nutrient profiles, safety standards, or digestibility targets.  
  Here's the bottom line: NOVA does provide a consumer-friendly shorthand for human diets, but it isn't recognized by the FDA, USDA, or AAFCO, and can be misleading when pasted onto pet nutrition. So, when you see 'ultra-processed' used to dismiss a pet food, first ask: 'What nutrient, safety, or digestibility metric is actually falling short? Or is this just another buzzword trying to 'make fetch happen?'' 
  Is 'Minimally/Lightly Processed' Automatically Better? 
Again, it depends on the product's ultimate goal. Is it always better? No, not always. Less heat means fewer automatic kill steps for pathogen safety. In these cases, it is prudent to add a kill step. High-pressure processing (HPP) or steam pressurized pasteurization (SPP) are two methods that can be used to reduce microbial load. The major difference between the two is that HPP is technically a non-thermal process, while SPP relies on heat to inactivate microbes.     Certain ingredients, such as beans or potatoes, require processing to reduce anti-nutrient factors and enhance the digestibility of their starches. Without the appropriate process, there is an increased chance of your pet consuming an ingredient that is not healthy for them. On the other hand, ingredients that are not exposed to high levels of heat often have higher nutrient retention, albeit at the cost of increased retention of anti-nutrient factors.  
  Even the gentlest recipe requires a validated kill step. Whether a brand relies on HPP, SPP, or heat in extrusion or retort, the goal is the same: to achieve at least a 5-log reduction of pathogens such as Salmonella and Listeria without overcooking nutrients. 
  Bottom line, the degree of processing should not be on the product as a whole, but on the individual ingredients and what is appropriate from a safety and nutritional perspective.  
  Looking Ahead: How the PURR Act Could Bring Clarity 
The Pet Food Uniform Regulatory Reform (PURR) Act of 2025, now pending before the House of Representatives, proposes a single federal standard for labeling dog and cat food. If passed, it offers a viable vehicle to define descriptors like lightly cooked, air-dried, and freeze-dried raw in measurable terms—think core temperature limits, required pathogen-reduction methods, and even minimum digestibility disclosures.   
  However, the proposed bill is not without its flaws, which BSM Partners has addressed in articles, 'Time for change: Addressing regulatory reform in pet food,' and, 'AAFCO: PURR Act Places Pet Food Transparency on the Chopping Block,' as well as in an episode of the Barking Mad podcast, 'Barking Up the Wrong Tree: How the PURR Act Could Undermine Pet Food Transparency and Safety'.  
  By checking the Federal Register and Regulations.gov, you can keep up to date on any scheduled public hearings or if there is an open comment period for the PURR Act. By participating in this process, brands can help ensure that "minimal processing" becomes a transparent promise backed by science, not just clever marketing copy. 
  Whether you're perfecting your recipe, validating a kill step, or trying to understand where your next opportunity is in the industry, our experts at BSM Partners specialize in audits that keep nutrition, safety, and regulatory compliance in balance, understand market trends, and formulate a nutritious formula for your desired format.  
  About the Author
Dr. Sydney McCauley is a Board-Certified Companion Animal Nutritionist and earned both her bachelor's and doctoral degrees at Virginia Tech in Animal and Poultry Sciences. McCauley's research was in nutritional physiology with a focus on understanding the effects of low birth weight on glucose, fatty acid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism in skeletal muscle and overall metabolic homeostasis during neonatal development.


By Sydney McCauley
Source: BSM Partners

20/01/2025

Technological Advancements Improving the Quality of Pet Food

Although no specific laws characterize industrialized food (Standard, Premium, Super-premium, Special Premium, High-premium, etc.), the quality, research, and applied technologies in their manufacturing and evaluation are crucial to ensure their positioning in the market.   This article investigates the steps applied in the research process and the development of food in which science and technology are combined with the extrusion process using NIR evaluation and digestibility tests.   Extrusion process   The extrusion process has existed for centuries; Joseph Bramah developed the first report in literature in 1797 (England). It was not until 1900 that extrusion began to be used for food manufacturing by the Frenchman Alexandre P. Pigozzi and, in 1954, by the Ralston Purina Company to manufacture dog and cat food.   Extrusion is a thermal process that makes the material (powders) go through a die with holes to shape a specific kibble (ball, bones, heart, among others). It is a HTST process (High Temperature-Short Time), the most widely used method for manufacturing pet food, as dry diets are still the most sold.   Even being an old process, it always grows along with technology, aiming to meet the needs of the pet food industry and ensure excellence in its production and high-quality pet food. Besides being considered one of the most efficient, the technology offered by extrusion is also very economical for manufacturing dog and cat food, especially in terms of quality and food security compared to other processes.   Many extruders in the market aim to satisfy the most diverse process for dog and cat food. Single-screw extruders are the most affordable and used in manufacturing, especially for standard quality in which many formulations are extruded. However, double-screw extruders offer better quality and more options for shaping. Moreover, they can use more ingredients in the formulation, which is advantageous when industries want to diversify their products with Premium and Super-premium food.   Research has demonstrated that controlling its thermal or mechanical energy offers considerable benefits in feeding, for example, managing the effect on starch gelatinization by allowing it to reach the large intestine (colon) and act as prebiotics for dogs and cats. Jackson et al. (2020) discovered that identical formulated food processed in extrusion conditions of high and low shearing results in tough starch to dietary digestion, which produces potentially beneficial changes in the gut microbiome by altering starch digestion. Another benefit related to food, Alvarenga et al. (2021) altered the mechanical energy in the extrusion process and found that kibbles produced in low and middle shearing were denser (varying between 296 and 338 g/L) and less expanded than those in high shearing.   The pet food industry is constantly seeking innovation. With the high demand for new food, including fresh meat, such as Super-premium, fruits and vegetables, or insect proteins, extruders with advanced technology offer an improvement in the use of thermal energy and a reduction in mechanical energy, enhancing the nutritional quality and satisfying nutritional requirements and realities of each factory.   NIRS food evaluation   Near Infrared Spectroscopy is a technology widely used in factories to predict the bromatological condition of ingredients in pet food formulation. This technique has gained popularity in recent years with new advances in execution due to the rapidity and agility of results. Since then, this analytic technology has provided factories with rapid analysis of specifications such as the percentage of proteins, fats, ashes, moisture, and pH, among others.   With almost immediate results, it assists quality control in making decisions by accepting or rejecting the receipt of raw materials. Pet food factories also use NIRS to update the formulation program database and ensure that the composition matches the end product specifications, the labels, and the specifications of each product in its portfolio.   Technological advances make equipment calibration easier and faster for many food and animal ingredient analyses. In addition to macronutrients such as proteins and fats, it is also possible to carry out analysis with near-infrared spectroscopy, e.g., detecting if the sample is contaminated by mycotoxins or biogenic amines or calibrating it to detect adulterations and ensure product approval.   Research in other species (Montoro et al., 2023) examined chemical compounds in feces and the coefficients of apparent digestibility of the total tract. Hervera et al. (2012) evaluated the possibility of the NIRS to estimate the energy content in commercial dog and cat food. These studies strengthen the potential to help the analysis, ensuring food quality.   Therefore, nutrient composition and digestibility are essential to the qualitative evaluation of pet food since they provide results about the nutrient availability in that diet with a significant impact on animal health.   With this goal and ethical guidelines in animal experimentation, that seek to reduce the use of animals in research, many studies evaluate pet food digestibility through the in vitro method, which aims to reproduce apparent digestibility in dry extruded food for dogs and cats. Hervera et al. (2007) studied a two-step multienzyme incubation approach adapted to dogs' digestion characteristics. It consists of two consecutive incubations: the first for 2 hours with pepsin A to acidic pH and the second for 4 hours with pancreatin. After that, the material is filtered, dried, incinerated, and then the digestibility value of the dry and organic matter of the feed is calculated.   Using experimental animals to evaluate the nutritional value of food and raw materials for pets requires time, financial investment, and animal management. That is why industries can use the in vitro technique, a reliable methodology to estimate product digestibility with high reproducibility and repeatability. It also examines and probes new hypotheses in nutritional research in dogs and cats.   Figure 1: In vitro digestibility technique – Source: compiled by author   By: Josiane Volpato and Ingrid Caroline da Silva   Source: All Pet Food Magazine   References Camp Montoro, J., Solà-Oriol, D., Muns, R., Gasa, J., Llanes, N., Garcia Manzanilla, E., 2023. Predicting Chemical Composition and Apparent Total Tract Digestibility on Freeze-Dried Not Ground Faeces Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Pigs. Animals 13, 2090. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13132090 Corsato Alvarenga, I., Keller, L.C., Waldy, C., Aldrich, C.G., 2021. Extrusion Processing Modifications of a Dog Kibble at Large Scale Alter Levels of Starch Available to Animal Enzymatic Digestion. Foods 10, 2526. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10112526 Hervera, M., Baucells, M.D., Blanch, F., Castrillo, C., 2007. Prediction of digestible energy content of extruded dog food by in vitro analyses. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 91, 205–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2007.00693.x Hervera, M., Castrillo, C., Albanell, E., Baucells, M.D., 2012. Use of near-infrared spectroscopy to predict energy content of commercial dog food. J. Anim. Sci. 90, 4401–4407. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2012-5106 Jackson, M.I., Waldy, C., Jewell, D.E., 2020. Dietary resistant starch preserved through mild extrusion of grain alters fecal microbiome metabolism of dietary macronutrients while increasing immunoglobulin A in the cat. PloS One 15, e0241037. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241037

By Josiane Volpato

26/11/2024

High-level nutrition: The revolution in pet health

In this context, science and technology have played a fundamental role in developing pet food that not only meets basic nutritional needs, but also promotes long-term health. The evolution of pet food processing and formulation technologies has enabled the creation of increasingly personalized diets for pets, meeting the specific demands of different breeds, ages, and health conditions. Through specialized proteins, probiotics, and functional ingredients, Kemin ensures that its products provide enhanced nutrition and immune support, which not only contributes to the animal's current health but also helps prevent potential issues in the years to come.   One of Kemin's goals is to bring innovations and drive the market to constantly evolve. Our Research & Development team focuses on creating practical and effective solutions for the pet food industry. We offer a wide range of products that, carefully formulated, contribute to the success and quality of the food. Each solution is developed to add value, ensuring that our partners are always a step ahead in an increasingly competitive market.   Thus, technological innovation becomes the main driver behind the continuous development of our solutions and services. It is not just about offering high-quality items; Kemin is constantly refining processes to ensure that our clients receive the most advanced products. This commitment to delivery and customer satisfaction is made possible through the services we provide: the Kemin Application Service (KAS), for example, is designed to integrate the latest technologies, enabling efficient implementation. Our specialists in pet food and rendering are constantly monitoring and updating application methods to ensure precise execution, guaranteeing maximum performance. Each strategy and plan are meticulously crafted to meet the specific needs of each client, making it possible to offer the highest quality equipment and service.   Additionally, our Customer Laboratory Services (CLS) are constantly evolving, incorporating advancements that ensure faster and more accurate analyses. This allows clients to obtain reliable and personalized results, essential for safe and informed decision-making. With the expertise of the Technical Service Managers (TSMs), we ensure that cutting-edge technical knowledge is always available to assist with any challenge, offering support that goes beyond the conventional.   Kemin's Research and Exploratory Services (RES) marks a significant advancement in our ability to innovate. Utilizing the latest research tools and techniques, we are exploring new frontiers and developing solutions that anticipate market needs. This proactive approach allows us not only to keep up with trends but to lead the way, ensuring we are always ahead in delivering products and services that exceed expectations.   The future of pet food is directly tied to the ability to innovate and adapt to new scientific discoveries and emerging technologies. With its customer-centric approach, Kemin is ready to lead this path, offering solutions that promote pet health and well-being in a sustainable and efficient manner. In doing so, Kemin not only strengthens its commitment to excellence but also reaffirms its role as an indispensable partner for all those seeking the best in animal nutrition.   By: Kemin Nutrisurance   Source: All Pet Food Magazine

12/11/2024

Biotechnology in the pet food industry

It is a multidisciplinary field that, through living organisms, biological systems, and processes, develops products and technologies that benefit different ecosystems of society, people, and animals. Its main goal is obtaining additives and simulating the natural process of protein synthesis at the cellular level to produce specific protein molecules, as well as to improve the conservation of forage and silos. But its fields of application are very varied, so let's discover some of the most used ones:   Specific industries   Poultry farming In its function related to protein, it is related to this industry with enzyme use, since using the appropriate ones make it possible to use cheaper raw materials, improving production costs. As an example, we can mention what happens with barley, with high contents of ß-glucans, which birds cannot digest because they lack the appropriate enzymes, and, when solubilized in the intestinal environment, they produce a high degree of viscosity, which hinders nutrient absorption, reducing diet digestibility. This results in dirty eggs, muscle injuries, and more.   Pig farming In this case, enzymes are used to complete the enzymatic system of these animals, immature until they are 8-10 weeks old, which means that they cannot completely digest certain nutrients and substances. Enzymes also help with bacterial growth.   Ingredients   Probiotics and prebiotics These are microorganisms, live or dead, extracts or a combination of some of them, used to promote or improve animal intestinal health and immune system. Prebiotics, for their part, are compounds that promote the growth of these beneficial microorganisms.   Acidifiers Acidifiers are rather a type of biotechnology that allows the modification of biological systems' behavior.   Alternative proteins One of the most dynamic areas of biotechnology applied to pet food is alternative protein development. Traditionally, animal proteins such as chicken, beef, and fish have been the basis of pet food formulation, but nowadays, topics such as sustainability and animal welfare impact the perception of these animals, and consumers have started demanding other alternatives. In this sense, biotechnology allows the creation of alternative proteins, such as those obtained from insects, plants, cell cultures, and laboratory-grown meat.   Personalized microbiomes The microbiome is made up of various microorganisms that live in the digestive tract. It has gained pretty much scientific relevance in animal health in recent years. Biotechnology has enabled significant advances in understanding how microbiomes influence digestion, nutrient absorption, and pets' immune systems, for example.   Personalized food There have already been cases in which manufacturers have used DNA analysis and microbiological studies to develop a food formulation for a specific pet. This allows the creation of food formulas that not only meet general nutritional needs but also address particular health problems of animals with delicate health or highly specific conditions.   Improved Omega-3 Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for pet health, but are traditionally obtained from sources such as fish, which come from the aquaculture industry. Thanks to biotechnology, genetically modified crops are being developed, such as canola, that produce high levels of this fatty acid, which positions it as a more sustainable source to complete formulations.   Sustainability and environmental impact One of the most significant challenges for the pet food industry today is its environmental impact. Biotechnology presents itself as an innovative solution that can, among other items, facilitate carbon footprint reduction and minimize production waste.   Production waste An emerging approach is the use of organic waste to produce pet food ingredients. Through biotechnological processes such as fermentation, waste from the food industry can be transformed into proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates. These can be used in new pet food formulas, which contribute to reducing waste and having a more sustainable production chain.   Biodegradable and even edible packaging Biotechnology is also being applied to developing materials for biodegradable or even edible packaging, managing to address one of the main problems associated with sustainability and the production of non-renewable or recyclable waste.   Innovations in food safety   Genetic optimization Biotechnology is playing a crucial role in improving the ingredients used in pet foods. Today, through genetic modification, it is possible to develop crops with improved nutritional profiles, achieving greater resistance to diseases and a lower need for pesticides or fertilizers.   Biosensors for pathogen detection We are seeing the development of technologies based on biosensors to detect the presence of pathogens such as Salmonella or E. coli used in real-time during food manufacturing, this will allow faster detection and immediate response to conditions, thereby reducing the risk of disease outbreaks in the target population.   Improved natural preservatives Biotechnology has also allowed the development of natural preservatives, used to prolong food shelf life, avoiding the use of chemical additives. These derivatives of plants and other natural organisms are effective in preventing the growth of mold and bacteria, which improves and prolongs final product conservation.   Conclusion   Advances in biotechnology are transforming the pet food industry. This discipline offers innovative solutions to improve pet health, promote sustainability, and ensure food safety. As it continues to evolve, it will keep creating a path to optimize the industry's proposals for pets and, therefore, we will continue to grow together as a market that seeks to offer increasingly safer, efficient, specific, and sustainable solutions.   Source: All Pet Food Magazine

By María Candelaria Carbajo

04/12/2023

Countdown to Pet Food Conveyor Launch: Starting Up On Time and With Confidence

To move delicate pet food products or powders, most processors do extensive homework before purchasing a tubular drag cable conveyor to ensure that it meets their needs in terms of function and price. After the purchase, the conveyor must be expertly assembled and tested to ensure smooth production startup and continued performance. The challenge is that the typical third-party contractors installing various plant systems might need to become more familiar with specialized pet food conveyors and, thus, are more prone to make costly errors. A more prudent choice is using the OEM's team of experienced technicians. The OEM's experts have the advantage of designing the specialized conveyor and understanding its installation, operational requirements, and potential problem areas. 'If a tubular drag cable conveyor is installed incorrectly by a third party, it often needs to be completely pulled apart and rebuilt, which is costly and time-consuming. If the conveyor is run incorrectly, damage will occur, and components must be replaced. All this only delays startup,' says Terry Derby, Director of Parts and Field Service for Automated Handling Solutions (AHS). AHS is the service-focused subsidiary of Cablevey Conveyors, an Oskaloosa, Iowa-based conveyor manufacturer that has been designing, engineering, and servicing enclosed cable and disc tube conveyors for 50 years and is in more than 65 countries. As a solution, pet food processors seeking superior conveyor performance from the start rely on expert-supervised installation and commissioning to ensure they will be ready to run products on time, at the necessary volumes. Today, a tubular drag cable conveyor requires considerable expertise to install. These systems gently move material through a sealed tube using a coated, flexible, stainless-steel drag cable pulled through on a loop. Solid circular discs (flights) attach to the cable, pushing the product through the tube without air.  'This type of conveyor is uniquely engineered to transport delicate materials gently. The tubes form a continuous loop that must be carefully assembled for a tight fit to ensure no misalignment or gaps between sections. While the modular components lend great flexibility to system design, each component must act in concert with the rest for proper conveyor functionality,' explains Derby. After selecting and purchasing a conveyor, the pet food processor's next step is installing it, which often requires professional assistance. Reliability Starts with Supervised Installation Whether relying on internal staff members for installation or contracting the job to an outside team of millwrights or skilled pipefitters, supervised conveyor installation can ensure proper system installation. Getting expert assistance is still essential during installation, even with the manual that has detailed instructions and QR-code links to videos for each conveyor component. 'Supervised installation is important to ensure that your system is installed properly so you don't run into maintenance problems due to an improper install,' says Derby. Derby insists that 'supervised installs are probably the most important support service we offer.' This step is often neglected when a less experienced third party performs the installation, which can escalate costs. At this point, AHS is frequently asked to complete final preparations and correct any problems before production startup, a process known as commissioning.  'When a processor brings us to their facility after declining a supervised installation, we often have to work backward for a day or two to correct issues. Having us there for supervised installation eliminates the need for correction and any idle contractors waiting on us for the repair, so it pays for itself,' says Derby. In the case of AHS, the company's technicians have logged hundreds, if not thousands, of hours on-site in various manufacturing facilities worldwide. This singular focus gives them the knowledge and expertise to streamline the installation process and prevent issues that can lead to system inefficiencies, product loss, or complete system failure. As part of the supervised installation, skilled technicians ensure the correct positioning of the conveyor's hangers and the proper torque for couplings. The system is properly cleaned to remove any metal fragments or foreign contaminants introduced during installation. In addition, the technician confirms that all conveyor inlets are in place and that all discharges are functioning. Even seemingly minor gaps or misaligned areas in the conveyor tubing can become a severe issue. 'If gaps are in the conveyor's tubes, the discs will 'catch' when crossing the joint, causing excessive wear on the cable and motor. If not corrected, this could lead to premature failure, production downtime, and added repair and replacement costs,' says Derby. According to Derby, another common wear item in tubular drag cable conveyors is sweeps, areas where the tube changes direction. He explains that sweeps are where the cable is under the most significant tension and where the discs rub inside the tube. Since sweeps show the first signs of wear, proper installation can reduce the wear and significantly prolong tube and cable life, simplifying maintenance. 'With a supervised install, processors can ensure that their conveyor is assembled correctly to enable seamless startup, reliable production, optimal output, and greater longevity for the system and its parts. Our reputation is on the line to get it right from the start,' says Derby. In addition, a supervised installation includes a full report outlining actions to correct any issues found. Due to the attention to detail, a supervised installation also preserves the standard warranty for the system's components. Of course, operators also play a critical role in conveyor performance. For this reason, having experts onsite can be one of the best ways to train the operators and maintenance crew on properly running, cleaning, and maintaining the system.    Reliable Production Requires Expert Commissioning When the installation is complete, the next step is to schedule commissioning. The average commissioning visit for a single-system installation usually lasts an entire day.  The onsite commissioning process readies the conveyor for total production and identifies any immediately correctable issues to keep the startup on schedule. At this point, the system must be installed entirely, including all mechanical and electrical components. The conveyor material must also be ready for introduction to the system. This is where a botched installation by a third party can come to light without supervised installation by the OEM. 'We are often asked to 'fix' poor installations by third-party contractors. We have had to tear whole systems apart. This frequently requires a complete rebuild and replacement of damaged parts, which adds cost, creates downtime, and delays startup,' says Derby. In the case of AHS's commissioning service, the technician conducts an inspection using a camera that runs through the entire system layout to ensure that everything is correctly assembled and ready for testing. The technician then performs a test run of the product, from the inlet feed through the sweeps to the discharge outlet, and verifies that it flows at the desired speed. 'Tailoring the conveyor to the material conveyed can require adjustments to fine-tune the process. With the commissioning, the goal is to increase efficiency, production volume, and reliability,' says Derby. He adds that 'checking the system's health' also uncovers any issues that might arise, which technicians can address to prevent production downtime. He points out that commissioning also extends Cablevey's standard warranty. As a final step in the commissioning process, the technician issues a report for the processor that documents all findings from the full-system inspection. Completing conveyor installation, commissioning, and start-up is only the start of the OEM's and processor's relationship since the system's lifespan can be decades. In addition to traveling on-site for emergency service calls, the company offers an annual service visit to conduct a detailed system inspection and address any issues, identify worn parts, ensure predictive maintenance is being conducted, and provide any additional training needed. This complete system audit aims to extend the conveyor's lifespan and prevent unexpected downtime. 'Our mission is to provide conveying equipment and ensure it performs as required, with minimal downtime and maintenance. Once a pet food processor buys a system, they become part of our family. We will continue to support them every way we can, even as their needs evolve,' concludes Derby. By Del Williams is a technical writer based in Torrance, California. Source All Pet Food

27/11/2023

Mobile 'Smart Cart' Automates Food Conveyor CIP for Pet Food Manufacturers

To promote food safety and sanitary compliance, pet food manufacturers are increasingly seeking the ability to clean-in-place (CIP), an automated method of cleaning the interior surfaces of tubular drag conveyors without disassembly. Now, with the advent of mobile tools like an innovative 'smart cart' that quick-connects to any tubular conveyor and enables simple, customizable 'single button cleaning recipes,' CIP is becoming easier, faster, less labor-intensive, more repeatable, and almost fully automated. Tubular drag conveyor systems gently move product through a sealed, enclosed tube using a drag cable and circular discs pulled through on a loop, so they are ideal for delicate items. Designed to handle a variety of different forms and sizes, from kibble to seeds or pellets and nutrients, tubular conveyors maintain both quality and proper proportions. In a wet CIP process, the system is flooded with water, flushed, rinsed, cleansed, and thoroughly sanitized. Although the process is very effective, streamlining its automation and simplifying the process for all a facility's tubular drag conveyors has been a priority for leading innovators in the industry. 'The standard system required port hookups to water lines and installing piping. The processor also had to make decisions, such as which water temperatures to utilize, or whether to use a cleaning solvent - and the correct amount to add manually,' says John Adair, Engineering and Quality Director for Cablevey Conveyors, an Oskaloosa, Iowa-based conveyor manufacturer that has designed, engineered, and serviced enclosed cable and disc tube conveyors for 50 years, and is in more than 65 countries. To simplify the wet cleaning process, Adair and his engineering team at Cablevey have developed a small, mobile 'smart cart' with integrated water line hookups that a single technician can easily take to any tubular drag conveyor in a facility. The cart is specifically designed to be a fraction of the size of similar carts on the market to facilitate mobility. When the cart is in position and connected to water lines, the CIP process is automated and controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC) that reduces the need for manual labor and virtually eliminates the risk of improper cleaning. 'Once it is set up, all you do is press a button, and it will bring in the required amount of water at the correct temperature with the necessary amount of solvent for cleaning,' says Adair. The smart cart is designed to store and utilize pre-programmed CIP recipes to flush various residual materials from the tubular drag cable conveyors in a facility before new production runs. The cleaning recipes enable even those with very little training to use the cart, which is helpful in today's tight labor market and allows the technician to move on to other tasks once the cleaning process begins. The use of easily executable recipes ensures a superior, repeatable clean that essentially 'error-proofs' the process. This is particularly important when the technician may be new or less familiar with the production equipment. 'Depending on the product conveyed, sometimes all you need is a wet rinse or a specific cleaning solvent. All that information is saved, so after the first cleaning, it can be automatically repeated. Just push a button to start the appropriate recipe, whether you have one conveyor running multiple products or dozens of conveyors running various products,' says Adair. To meet strict compliance standards, the smart cart also documents all critical CIP information, such as water volume and temperature, chemicals used, and cleaning time by date, in an easily retrievable data log. Since decreasing production downtime between conveyor cleanings is a priority for pet food manufacturers, Cablevey provides new capabilities with the cart that expedites the CIP process. Currently, the CIP process floods the tubular conveyor system but is not designed to clean the discs specifically. 'Operators would manually clean each disc and advance the system disc by disc when the discs had to be cleaned of particularly viscous substances,' says Adair.   Once it is set up, all you do is press a button and it will bring in the required amount of water at the correct temperature with the necessary amount of solvent for cleaning.   Now, as an option on the cart, a disc washer can be integrated with the conveyor turnaround to spray a pressurized cleansing solution on the discs. This helps to remove stickier substances that could remain after routine CIP cleaning. 'The disc washer sprays high-pressure water directly on the discs, so it acts like an automatic car wash. At the push of a button, the discs and cable are run through, and spray cleaned, which reduces CIP time and eliminates the need to manually clean the discs,' says Adair. To further reduce downtime, Cablevey also offers a new sanitary blower option. 'After the wet CIP process, a sanitary blower attachment on the smart cart can dry the discs and other parts of the system 75% faster than typical air drying,' says Adair. He points out that the faster the conveyor is cleaned and dried after a product change, the sooner it can be put back into service, which improves profitability. According to Adair, Cablevey's Mobile Smart Cart was already available since it was officially unveiled at Pack Expo, a premier packaging and processing show held at the Las Vegas Convention Center in September. The event featured full-scale setups of machinery in action. The company also offered traveling demo smart cars to customers in September for free so clients could test drive the units. Pet food manufacturers can now purchase the demonstration unit used in their facilities, with hands-on training available immediately. While the pet food manufacturing industry is aware that automated CIP can improve conveyor system production uptime, barriers to implementation have slowed adoption. Utilizing a mobile smart cart with integrated water hookups will help manufacturers easily implement CIP in tubular drag conveyors throughout their facilities: expediting conveyor cleaning, production changeover, and sanitary compliance. By: Del Williams - Technical writer based in Torrance - California Source: All Pet Food Magazine

29/08/2023

New German test facility allows processors to try solutions before they buy

These systems come as an investment, making it crucial for manufacturers to understand what they're buying before pulling out the company credit card. This is where OEM test facilities come into play, which offer processors the opportunity to try before they buy, often supported by the expertise of seasoned process engineers and salespeople who represent the supplier and its solutions. Testing, testing According to Emmanual Ricohermoso III, Ph.D., testing and facility manager at Automated Handling Solutions (AHS) Germany GmbH, parent company of Cablevey, testing equipment before making a purchase is a progressive approach that can optimize design and material selection for durability, efficiency and environmental impact. 'From the client's perspective, conducting product testing offers them the valuable opportunity to experience the device firsthand before making a purchase commitment,' Ricohermoso added. 'It allows them to assess the device's performance, functionalities and suitability for their specific needs without the obligation of buying it outright. Additionally, during the testing phase, clients can engage directly with our knowledgeable team, leveraging their technical expertise to address any questions or concerns they may have. 'This interactive experience fosters better communication and understanding between our team and the clients,' he added. 'Ultimately, seeing the device in action reinforces the clients' belief and confidence in its capabilities, validating the effectiveness of the solution being offered, or simply, 'to see is to believe.'' The company's 645-square-meter (6,942-square-foot) testing facility is centered around a test workshop equipped with product transfer systems from brands that fall under the AHS and Advanced Material Processing (AMP) umbrella, including Cablevey, Spiroflow, Kason and Marion. The test workshop itself accounts for 71% of the total space. According to Ricohermoso, the German test facility was designed to not only enable testing of conveyors and material transfer systems from point A to point B, but to also integrate relevant processing steps including bag conditioning, bulk bag discharging and filling, dewatering, sieving, mixing and drying. 'Additionally, the test facility boasts a cutting-edge, in-house laboratory dedicated to material characterization,' he noted. 'This enables our engineers to gain a deep understanding of the material properties, allowing them to design tailored solutions that meet the specific needs of our customers. The Friedrichsdorf test facility is now up and running and saw its first customer in early May 2023. Ben Ayrton, managing director and vice president of operations and supply chain for AHS and AMP in Europe, noted that the facility is now fully operational and offers more than 50 products for customer trials and testing across all four brands.  'We are immensely proud to have the most comprehensive testing facility in Continental Europe,' Ayrton said. 'Our expansion and future is exciting, as in addition we are looking forward to introducing a brand new 5,500 m square production facility in the UK in the first half of 2024.' The Friedrichsdorf facility will serve multiple AHS and AMP brands for testing, spare parts, European engineering and sales, as well as aftermarket spare parts and maintenance teams. Prioritizing positive client experiences Understanding why clients want to test or compare equipment performance is the No. 1 consideration when developing a test plan. For example, Ricohermoso said one of the main focuses for today's pet food processors is throughput. Once he has a better idea of a client's priorities, Ricohermoso requests a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) to better understand the handing requirements and potential risks related to the product or material in question. He also asks for cleaning, process flow integration, and tolerance information to create a comprehensive test plan for the client. 'If the client's primary objective is to observe the operation without specific test requirements, I take the initiative to design the test plan myself,' Ricohermoso said. 'The clients are then given time to review the plan internally and communicate any concerns they may have. 'By following this streamlined process, we ensure that the test day runs smoothly, with clear communication and alignment between our team and the clients.' Leaning on OEM expertise Cablevey operates in more than 66 countries and has delivered its solutions for the food, pet food, coffee, powder, nut and frozen food industries for over 50 years. Such equipment includes enclosed cable and disc tube conveyors. 'Cablevey provides a gentle conveying solution, making it particularly suitable for products that are sensitive and have low tolerance for breakage,' Ricohermoso said. 'Its unique conveying method ensures that fragile products can be transported without compromising their integrity or quality.' At Cablevey's stateside test facility — which is located in Oskaloosa, Iowa — the company recently launched a 360-degree immersive experience enabling virtual visits in real time. A Zoom-meeting format developed during the COVID-19 pandemic now allows Cablevey to showcase test runs of its machinery in-person and online simultaneously, which provides convenience for those unable to travel or larger work groups, according to the company. Ricohermoso noted the company plans to add this capability to the German test facility over the next few months.  

04/03/2026

STATEC BINDER: packaging machines for a wide range of animal feed products

Dog food in PE bags, bird feed in paper bags, horse feed in big bags. The global feed industry is booming. According to estimates, the sector will grow to $816 billion by 2030—a gigantic market. The largest feed manufacturers are located in China and the US. Soy and corn are among the most important resources, closely followed by wheat and rapeseed. But whether it's feed for farm animals or beloved pets, all these products must not only comply with quality guidelines but also be carefully packaged. And this is where modern high-tech packaging systems play a key role. Austrian manufacturer STATEC BINDER specializes in precisely this area.   A Wide Range of Products Requires a High Degree of Flexibility   Packaging machines from STATEC BINDER combine a number of advantages: from high-quality components that guarantee durability and robustness to sophisticated software that makes them easy to operate. Above all, however, one special aspect runs like a thread through development and production and sets the direction: flexibility. The reason for this is easy to explain: not all animal feed is the same. On the contrary, there are numerous different products of varying sizes and with different flow characteristics—from powdery and dusty goods to free-flowing ones. 
  What does this mean for packaging machines? They have to cope with this wide variety of goods and what's more important, they have to be perfectly aligned with them. For STATEC BINDER, high flexibility in machines is therefore not only desirable, but has long since become a core value. Only in this way can the respective system be optimally integrated into the company setting and be 100% compatible with the product.   Flexibility as a Central Part of the Company Concept   This flexibility manifests itself at STATEC BINDER on several levels:
  Sophisticated systems: Start with selecting the right packaging machine. The product portfolio includes both open-mouth packaging systems and FFS machines.
  Customization options: In the next step, the machine is customized. For example, with a wash-down design for easier cleaning, a bag air press device for even more efficient results, or labeling features.
  Effective accessories: Accurate net weighers dose the exact amount into the bag. Modern bag-sealing machines guarantee secure closure. Finally, metal detectors ensure that no foreign objects end up in the bag.
  The result is high-quality, reliable, and durable packaging machines for pet food that reflect STATEC BINDER's many years of experience.  
  Because pet food not only has to be securely packaged but also stacked quickly and neatly on pallets for further transport, every packaging machine can be supplemented with a STATEC BINDER palletizing system. This further increases the degree of automation.   Strong Professional and Interpersonal Skills   STATEC BINDER is not only a developer, manufacturer, and supplier but also a long-term partner for every customer. This is because it is not just a matter of designing the ideal packaging machine for the respective feed and company, but also of ensuring its smooth operation for many years and continuously developing the system. That is why STATEC BINDER relies on comprehensive, worldwide customer service. This strong human component, combined with technical expertise, makes STATEC BINDER one of the leading suppliers of packaging machines in the feed industry. By STATEC BINDER
Source: All Pet Food Magazine

24/02/2026

Trends in Pet Food Bagging: Innovation, Precision, and Efficiency for a Growing Industry

This growth not only impacts food formulation, but also the industrial processes that ensure its preservation, safety, and presentation. In this context, pet food bagging has come to occupy a strategic place within the production chain.

The final packaging serves multiple purposes: protecting the food from moisture and contamination, facilitating storage and transport, and providing attractive presentation at the point of sale. At the same time, it must be practical and resistant for the end consumer. For this reason, pet food manufacturers are seeking technological solutions that combine efficiency, versatility, and quality control throughout the bagging process.
Formats and materials: versatility as a competitive advantage
The bag format is one of the most decisive factors in the industry. Dry pet food is usually packaged in polypropylene or laminated polyethylene bags, materials that offer high mechanical resistance and protection against moisture, oxygen, and pests. These materials preserve the crunchy texture of the product and extend its shelf life.

Traditionally, the most common formats are between 5 and 20 kg, ideal for owners with several pets or for distributors. However, the current trend shows sustained growth in demand for smaller bags, less than 5 kg, designed for consumers seeking convenience or higher turnover products.

This change requires manufacturers to have flexible bagging equipment that can quickly adapt to different bag sizes and types without compromising production speed.

PAYPER automatic pet food bagging machines are designed precisely to offer this versatility: they allow for quick and automatic format changes, with systems that adjust measurements without the need for manual intervention. In addition, the horizontal empty bag storage system provides operational autonomy, as it can hold up to six stacks of bags ready for the next cycle.

Before sealing, an automatic alignment system ensures that the bag mouth is perfectly level, guaranteeing a precise and professional finish. If the process requires it, double welding adds an additional layer of protection against moisture and contamination.
Dosing and weighing: accuracy in every bag
In pet food, product homogeneity and weight accuracy are essential to meet quality standards. PAYPER has developed the MSX weighing controller, one of the most accurate technologies on the market. Accredited by official metrology institutions, this system was specifically designed for high-speed bagging processes and ensures accurate dosing even on lines with high production throughput.

The MSX combines speed and reliability, maintaining product consistency without generating overweight or losses. Depending on the characteristics of the food—density, particle size, or flowability—the most suitable dosing system is selected, ensuring a stable and controlled flow at all times.
Product protection: guaranteed freshness and preservation
Maintaining the quality of dry food throughout its life cycle is a key challenge. PAYPER pet food bagging lines incorporate residual air extraction and deaeration technologies, which remove excess air from inside the bag and achieve a more compact and stable package. In some cases, the air is replaced by inert gas (such as nitrogen), a technique that prevents oxidation and deterioration of the ingredients, prolonging the freshness of the product.

In addition, the double top seal reinforces the airtight closure and provides extra protection against moisture, dust, and temperature variations. In this way, manufacturers can ensure that each batch retains its nutritional and organoleptic properties until it reaches the consumer.
Quality control: safety at every stage of the process
The pet food industry shares very similar standards to those of the human food sector. For this reason, PAYPER lines incorporate automatic inspection and control systems that verify compliance with all safety and quality parameters.

These include: Checkweighers, which verify that each bag meets the nominal weight. Metal detectors, which guarantee the absence of metal contaminants. Automatic rejection systems, which remove any bag that does not meet the standards from the line.
  This total control ensures that only compliant products reach the market, reinforcing the end customer's confidence and the manufacturer's reputation.
Palletizing and wrapping: presentation and logistics in balance
Once the bag has been sealed, the next step is to ensure flawless handling and presentation. PAYPER bag palletizing systems, available in robotic palletizing and conventional palletizing versions, are designed to handle each bag gently and precisely. The result is a perfectly square and stable pallet, ready for storage or transport.

High-speed palletizers incorporate telescopic belt feeders and specialized gripping heads, capable of maintaining the integrity of the bag even at intensive production rates.

Finally, Stretch Hooding and Stretch Wrapping protects pallets from moisture, dust, and UV rays, ensuring their stability during transport. This stage not only contributes to logistical safety, but also improves the final image of the product, an aspect that is increasingly valued by brands.
Commitment to innovation and customer focus
With over 50 years of experience and more than 5,000 projects completed in over 80 countries, PAYPER has established itself as a global leader in complete bagging lines. Its network of eight international subsidiaries and local technical service teams enable it to offer immediate and personalized assistance, adapting to the specific needs of each customer and region.
Conclusion: Pet Food bagging as an essential part of product value
Current trends in the pet food market point to greater automation, precision, and sustainability. Pet Food bagging is no longer considered a secondary stage in the process, but rather a key element in ensuring the quality and competitiveness of the final product.

PAYPER bagging solutions integrate all critical elements—dosing, weighing, bagging, palletizing, and strapping—into complete, flexible, and customized lines. Thanks to its focus on efficiency and technological innovation, PAYPER accompanies the pet food industry toward a more secure, sustainable, and profitable future. Source: PAYPER

22/01/2026

Automating Palletizing: When, How and Why to Do it

In the packaging sector, the bagging process has always been given more value: development of new materials and lighter formats, incorporation of electronic weighing and dosing systems for greater precision, etc. Palletizing, on the other hand, has always been secondary, as it is considered a job that does not require operator training and is purely physical.
  However, in the current context of the industry, this perspective has changed. New occupational health and safety regulations, as well as greater demands on pallet finishing to make better use of storage and transport space, have meant that palletizing has become one of the main reasons why companies are automating the end-of-line.
  When a company should consider whether to automate palletizing   Not all plants need to automate palletizing at the same stage. However, there are a number of indicators that show when it is time to do so, such as:
  High throughputs or large batches of the same product: when the volume of bags per hour exceeds the operational capacity of one or more workers, automation improves the pace and consistency of stacking.
  Lack of operators or personnel turnover: manual palletizing is a repetitive and physically demanding task, with high labor turnover. Automation guarantees continuity and stability in production.
  Handling of heavy bags (over 10 kg): a voids injuries and reduces ergonomic risk, complying with current prevention regulations.
  Space optimization: an automated system improves stacking accuracy, reduces the volume occupied by pallets and maximizes warehouse and shipping utilization.   How to choose the right palletizing system   Once we have analyzed these points and see that several of them are met, we can start thinking about what type of palletizer is best for our production line.
For industry experts, there are several important points when choosing a type of palletizer, such as:
  Available space. Level of automation. Production required. Multiformat to palletize. Type of packaging. Number of lines to be palletized simultaneously. Palletizing height. Load stability. Pallet finish.
  At TMI, as a manufacturer and specialist in palletizing systems with 25 years of experience, we have solutions adapted to all these requirements.
  Our work always begins with a visit to the client's plant to understand their needs, see the available space and, based on all the information gathered, provide technical advice on the best solution for their project.
  Types of palletizers and their applications   Layer palletizers: recommended for valve and FFS bags with few format changes and throughputs up to 2200 bags/h.
  Hybrid palletizers: recommended for open mouth bags, as they allow overlapping the bags. They can handle a wide variety of formats and speeds up to 1500 bags/h.
  Palletizers with anthropomorphic robot: recommended where space is limited and to be able to serve several simultaneous production lines. They can offer speeds of up to 600 bags/h depending on several factors, such as their level of automation, production lines to be palletized and equipment distribution.
  Cartesian type palletizers: recommended for low productions and reduced spaces. Their level of automation is variable.   Benefits of automation: efficiency and connectivity   In addition to reducing physical effort, palletizing automation makes it possible to control and optimize OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness), a key indicator of overall line performance.
  TMI equipment integrates OEE systems for real-time visualization and communication via OPC-UA, allowing the customer to connect the data with SCADA or plant management systems.
  In addition, all solutions include remote connection for diagnosis and immediate support. This guarantees a rapid response to any incident and minimizes downtime (90% of incident resolutions are solved remotely), a critical factor for operational profitability.
  And in the event that the intervention of our personnel is necessary for the resolution of the incident, our international network of subsidiaries and distributors allows us to provide local, fast and quality technical service anywhere in the world. anywhere in the world.
  Palletizing automation for greater efficiency   Palletizing automation is not simply an end-of-line modernization, but a further step towards more efficient, safe and sustainable production.
  The decision of when, how and with which solution to do so must be based on sound technical criteria, actual operating data and a medium- to long-term plant vision.
  Jordi Martín, LATAM Sales Manager
  At TMI we offer you our engineering team to evaluate your operational scenario and design the most suitable palletizing solution in terms of productivity, reliability and adaptability. If you want us to help you in your palletizing automation project, contact us. Source: TMI Bagging & Palletizing

14/06/2023

What Nutrients are Essential for My Pet?

 Here's a breakdown of all the essential nutrients according to the  Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) that are required for foods to be called complete and balanced for adult and growing cats and dogs. Included are also links to other blog posts that describe some of these nutrients and why they're essential. Protein and Amino Acids While the amount may differ between dogs and cats, and between adults and seniors, all pets have a minimum requirement for protein to make muscle in the body and help in many important body functions. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein and there are approximately a dozen essential amino acids in addition to a minimum of overall protein that all pets need: Arginine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Cystine Phenylalanine Threonine Tryptophan Valine Taurine (cats)
  Fats and Fatty Acids All pets have a minimum amount of total fat that they need in their diet and there are also some specific types of fatty acids that are also required for different lifestages. Overall fats and specific types of fatty acids help your pet maintain a healthy skin/coat, regulate inflammation, and aid in development in growing pets. Linoleic Acid Arachidonic Acid (cats) Alpha-Linoleic Acid (growth) EPA + DHA (growth)
  Minerals  Minerals, some of which are also called electrolytes, are critical to keeping fluid balance, growing and maintaining bones, and helping to regulate many processes running in a pet's body, such as movement of muscles. The amounts required can vary between growing and adult animals, and there is also a required ratio of certain minerals such as calcium and phosphorus for optimal health, especially for growing large breed puppies. Calcium Phosphorus Potassium Sodium Chloride Magnesium Iron Copper Manganese Zinc Iodine Selenium
  Vitamins  Cats and dogs require many of the same vitamins as we do (except for Vitamin C, which they can make themselves!), but the amounts can be very different. One example is Vitamin D, where dogs need less than 1/10th the amount that humans do, so we have to be very careful about using human products (or any supplements for that matter!) in pets to avoid toxic amounts of vitamin D. Vitamins perform many functions in the body from supporting the immune system to breaking down food for energy, and are either water soluble (the B vitamins) or fat soluble (vitamins A, D, E and K). The essential vitamins for dogs and cats are listed below with common alternate names that you may see on your pet food ingredient lists. Vitamin A (retinol) Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) Vitamin E (tocopherol) Vitamin K (phylloguinone, cats) Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) Niacin (Vitamin B3) Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) Folic Acid/Folate (Vitamin B9) Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Choline
   Where Can I Go To Learn More?  If you'd like to learn more about the exact amounts required of these nutrients in different lifestages and species, booklets are also available online from the National Resource Council with more details on each of these essential nutrients for dogs and cats. How Do I Know My Pet Is Getting All These Nutrients? Foods that have AAFCO nutritional adequacy statements that state they are complete and balanced have to include all these essential nutrients and stay between the minimum requirements and any maximums. Providing extra through supplements may actually harm your pet because you may unknowingly be providing a toxic amount of some nutrients that have narrow safety ranges! We recommend only giving supplements with any of these essential nutrients when recommended specifically by your veterinarian. by Deborah E. Linder, DVM, MS, DACVIM (Nutrition)

04/08/2022

Darling Ingredients Inc. Completes Acquisition of Brazil's Largest Independent Rendering Company, FASA Group

The company first announced the acquisition in May 2022 for a purchase price of approximately R$2.8 billion Brazilian Real in cash ($542.6 million USD at today's exchange rate), plus or minus various closing adjustments and a contingent payment based on future earnings growth. As part of the transaction, Darling Ingredients has acquired 14 plants that process more than 1.3 million metric tons annually, with an additional two plants under construction. "Brazil will play a big role in feeding a growing world population, which makes it a premier location to grow our specialty ingredients business," Randall C. Stuewe, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Darling Ingredients. "FASA is a well-run business, will be immediately accretive and further de-risks the supply chain by providing an additional source of non-food based, low-carbon waste fats to be used in the production of renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel." About Darling Darling Ingredients Inc. (NYSE: DAR) is the largest publicly traded company turning edible by-products and food waste into sustainable products and a leading producer of renewable energy. Recognized as a sustainability leader, the company operates 250 plants in 17 countries and repurposes nearly 15% of the world's meat industry waste streams into value-added products, such as green energy, renewable diesel, collagen, fertilizer, animal proteins and meals and pet food ingredients. To learn more, visit darlingii.com. Follow us on LinkedIn. Contact: Suann Guthrie
VP, Investor Relations, Sustainability & Communications
(469) 214-8202, Suann.guthrie@darlingii.com

17/02/2022

Trace minerals in pet food: what are their benefits and challenges?

However, there are conflicting positions! In this article we analyze the types of trace minerals, the different voices, advantages and disadvantages of incorporating this ingredient into pet food recipes. Pet owners, and especially millennials, are increasingly interested in providing the best nutrition, care and quality of life for their pets. In this sense, trace elements such as zinc, copper, iron and manganese are an essential part of this formula for well-being, since they play a key role in cellular functions, oxygen exchange and other bodily processes.   What are trace elements or trace minerals? Trace minerals are elements that are required in very small amounts to achieve a balanced diet, but which have a wide range of benefits for the proper functioning of various systems such as the immune system, musculoskeletal, skin and coat health, for example. Some of them are zinc, copper, iron and manganese. In the animal world, it must also be taken into account that the trace elements necessary for dogs and cats are not the same.   When we talk about the incorporation of these components into a pet food formula, 2 aspects should be taken into account: • The shape of the mineral offered. • The amount provided. These data significantly influence the bioavailability of the mineral in the animal's body.   Forms of the minerals offered Inorganic They are generally found in the form of sulfates or oxides. They are relatively soluble. Since many reactions that occur when ionized make them unavailable, inorganic trace minerals are often inefficient and must be supplied in greater amounts. As they come from extracted sources, safety and traceability must be part of the quality assurance process to avoid the inclusion of heavy metals which, if present in a diet, can be harmful to health. Organic These can be divided into complexes and chelates: Complexes They are compounds that help keep the mineral stable or non-reactive and available for absorption. Chelates These have more bonds than complexes, which improves stability while preserving their availability to be absorbed if necessary. This increases the likelihood that the mineral will reach the small intestine in a way that it can be absorbed.   Trace minerals, an element of interest (and controversy) Trace elements are a component that is equally interesting and confusing in the pet food industry. Historically, pet food formulas have relied on extracted or inorganic minerals to reach nutrient levels recommended by different associations, such as the AAFCO. What happens, as we previously discussed, is that inorganic minerals are difficult to absorb, which is why additional amounts used to be added. Voices against this practice claim that this approach does not necessarily meet the real needs of pets, especially in the stages of infancy, pregnancy, or old age.   Seeking to transition to organic trace elements The truth is that organic trace minerals are the most natural and the best option for pets. Opting for this option in food formulas facilitates the availability and absorption of its nutrients. However, the use of inorganic minerals has become widespread throughout the food industry (and not only for pets), which, although they are in common use, are often ineffective. Organic minerals have high stability, so they work better, they resist much more in the digestive tract, and as a result, the animal's body can absorb what it needs. Minerals are essential, but if they are ingested in excess, they can cause toxicity.   Why are inorganic trace minerals poor in absorption? The structure of the inorganic mineral makes it interact with other components during the digestion process. As a result, it forms an indigestible complex that eventually ends up outside the body without being absorbed. This is equivalent to poor bioavailability because, even though the food has trace minerals, they cannot be used by the body. The form in which the trace mineral is present can influence the absorption of other nutrients in the intestine, such as: Impact on the stability of vitamins The oxidation of vitamins, such as vitamin E, can lead to a reduced vitamin function and, the cause can be the oxidation of fats by the action of trace elements. Compromised antioxidant function Research has confirmed that commonly used antioxidants can be compromised by inorganic minerals. In cases where the mineral bond is weak, there is a significant negative impact on antioxidant activity. However, and despite the possible complications of the use of trace elements, various studies insist on verifying the great benefits of their use and incorporation in pet food formulas. The latest published study, which was completed in 2020, lasted 12 weeks and included 46 older dogs between the ages of 7 and 14 with an average age of 9.8 years. It looked at skin and coat health, hair growth, activity levels, weight, and body condition. They were observed, after a period of feeding them with formulas containing organic trace minerals, an improvement in all the aspects mentioned above. Summarizing we can say that today's pets are part of the family, and thanks to the relevance they have gained over the years, the industry has invested more and more resources in improving their quality of life. In this sense, food has become a priority factor for those owners who seek to provide their four-legged friends with the best on the market. With regard to today's topic, the responsibility of producers is to keep trace minerals as available as possible for their proper absorption, and preferably to use them in an organic format, in order to ensure successful nutrition and avoid any risk of intoxication. Definitely, continuing to work on optimizing nutrition by trace elements will lead to healthier pets with stronger and longer-lasting immune, musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal systems.   By: All Pet Food

By Luciana Chippano